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L'histoire des aides américaines à la France de 1938 à 1960 reflète l'état de la France au tournant du XXe siècle : une grande puissance européenne en déclin. De 1941 à 1951, la France a voulu des aides américaines pour vivre mieux et pour recréer un appareil productif digne de ce nom. Elle a ensuite réclamé une aide pour maintenir sa puissance en Indochine et en Afrique du Nord. Si ce constat de dépendance est éprouvant pour les Français, c'est une réalité dont les conséquences sont encore palpables aujourd'hui. Ne parle-t-on pas encore et toujours d'ingérence américaine, d'américanisation et, en réaction, d'exception française et d'identité européenne ? En définitive, quel rôle ont joué les aides américaines dans le rétablissement économique, social et militaire de la France après la seconde guerre mondiale et au-delà jusque dans les années 60 ? Réclamées en même temps qu'occultées tout au long de ces années par les acteurs de la vie politique française, les aides américaines méritaient une réflexion globale. Gérard Bossuat dans cet essai de synthèse nous propose son analyse. The history of American aid to France during the period from 1938 to 1960 reflects the state of France at the turn of the 20th century: a great European power in decline. Between 1941 and 1951, France wanted American aid in order to improve its standard of living and to rebuild a manufacturing sector worthy of the name. It then sought aid in order to maintain its power in Indochina and in North Africa. Although this acknowledgment of their country’s dependence is painful for the French people, it is a reality whose consequences are still palpable today. Do we not still constantly talk about American interference and Americanisation and, as a reaction, about France as an exception and European identity? In the final analysis, what role did American aid play in France’s economic, social and military recovery after the Second World War and beyond, right up to the 1960s? American aid, which was…
International economic relations --- Polemology --- United States --- France --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Marshall Plan. --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- histoire économique et financière --- régime de Vichy --- OTAN --- relations franco-américaines --- plan Marshall --- Plan --- finances publiques --- IVe République --- United States of America
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This book examines the historical, diplomatic, economic, and strategic aspects of the European Recovery Program (ERP) - popularly known as the Marshall Plan - which brought Europe out of the chaos, hunger, poverty, desperation, and ashes of World War II. In it, authors from a variety of countries who are scholars, policy makers, and business leaders, address applications of the Marshall Plan’s lessons learned to the 21st century for capacity building, human and sustainable development, and the role of public, private partnerships in emerging market economies and democratic societies. "There are not many of us left who served through the Marshall Plan from its beginning, and fewer still who served time in the Hotel Talleyrand in Paris, the site of the anniversary celebration, in June 2007, of Secretary George C. Marshall’s 1947 commencement address launching the European Recovery Program. There are, though, scholars who can address those times and evaluate them so that the experience can live on. "The dedication of the Hotel de Talleyrand as a memorial to that unique enterprise provided the opportunity; and the analyses and evaluations in this splendid volume, The Marshall Plan: Lessons Learned for the 21st Century, reflect the excitement, as well as the accomplishments, of an economic enterprise that produced the infrastructure of NATO and the European Union. Long live the spirit of Marshall’s vision!" -Thomas C. Schelling, Marshall Plan alumnus, Washington, Copenhagen, Paris, Washington, ’48-‘53, Nobel Prize in Economics 2005 "A historical event is and remains crucial when it interacts with others in such a way as to contribute to a deep and positive change in the course of history. In this sense, the Marshall Plan made an outstanding and lasting contribution. It was instrumental to overcoming the temptation of isolationism in the US, to reviving our badly needed economic recovery and gave a decisive input to coordinating our national efforts, thus paving the way to our future European integration." When I think of the world as it would have been without the Marshall Plan, I am encouraged to conclude that even in our challenging times, another, better world is possible. This collection of well written contributions and analyses, The Marshall Plan: Lessons Learned for the 21st Century , further strengthens my convictions. -Giuliano Amato, Former Prime Minister, ItalyFormer Vice President, European Constitutional Assembly
Economic assistance, American -- Europe -- History. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Europe -- Economic conditions -- 1945-. --- Marshall Plan. --- Economic assistance, American --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- History --- History. --- Europe --- Economic conditions --- American economic assistance --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- Mutual security program, 1951 --- -History. --- Aide économique américaine --- Histoire --- Conditions économiques
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History of the Netherlands --- anno 1900-1999 --- Economic assistance, American --- -Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- -327.5 --- 341.17 EUR --- 825 Ontwikkelingssamenwerking --- 842 Media --- 842.1 Propaganda --- 844.2 Sociaaleconomische structuur --- 846 Identiteit --- 856.6 Vredesopbouw --- 882.4 Noord-Amerika --- 884.1 Oost-Europa --- 884.4 West-Europa --- AA / International- internationaal --- 335.6 --- American economic assistance --- Mutual security program, 1951 --- -Liquidatie van de oorlogseconomie: economische demobilisatie en herstel. Marshall Plan. --- Marshall Plan --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- Liquidatie van de oorlogseconomie: economische demobilisatie en herstel. Marshall Plan. --- 327.5 --- -Liquidatie van de oorlogseconomie: economische demobilisatie en herstel. Marshall Plan --- Marshall Plan. --- 815 Geschiedenis
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Fifty years after it was launched, the Marshall Plan remains a major event of post World War II history. But what did it actually do for European reconstruction? To commemorate the opening of its historical archives to the public and their deposit at the European University Institute (EUI), the OECD invited a group of EUI historians to analyse the role played by the Marshall Plan and the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) in the economic recovery of Europe. This book examines the major moments punctuating OEEC history from the original offer of Marshall Aid in 1947 to the decision to create the OECD in 1960. It offers a history of the European economic reconstruction and contributes to discussions on models of co-operation favouring economic development, trade liberalisation and world economic integration.
Economics --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) --- Economic History --- Business & Economics --- Aide économique américaine --- Organisation for European Economic Co-operation --- 334.13 --- OESO. --- Europäischer Wirtschaftsrat --- O.E.C.E. --- O.E.E.C. --- O.E.E.S. --- OECE --- OEEC --- OEES --- Organisatie voor de Europese Economische Samenwerking --- Organisation européenne de coopération économique --- Organisation für Europäische Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit --- Organisation für Europäische Wirtschaftszusammenarbeit --- Organisationen for europæisk økonomisk samarbejde --- Organización Europea de Cooperación Económica --- Organization for European Economic Cooperation. --- Committee of European Economic Co-operation --- Joint Statistical Project on European Migration --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- Organisation for European economic co-operation --- 331.100 --- 335.6 --- AA / International- internationaal --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- 339.92 --- 339.92 Economische samenwerking en integratie. Tolunie --- Economische samenwerking en integratie. Tolunie --- Economische geschiedenis: algemeenheden --- OESO --- Liquidatie van de oorlogseconomie: economische demobilisatie en herstel. Marshall Plan --- Marshall Plan. --- Organisation for European Economic Co-operation. --- OEEC. --- Economic assistance, American --- International economic relations --- Aide économique américaine --- Relations économiques internationales --- Reconstruction, 1939-1951 --- Marshall Plan --- Plan Marshall --- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development --- Reconstruction (1939-1951) - Europe.
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Vom Marshallplan zur EWG: Die Eingliederung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in die westliche Welt
Germany (West) -- Economic policy. --- Germany (West) -- Foreign relations. --- Germany (West) -- Politics and government. --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Germany --- Marshall Plan. --- European Economic Community. --- Germany (West) --- Foreign relations. --- Politics and government. --- Economic policy. --- CEE --- Evropeĭskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- C.E.E. --- Communauté économique européenne --- Comunidad Económica Europea --- Comunità economica europea --- EEC --- EC --- Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft --- Europejska Wspólnota Gospodarcza --- Europese Economische Gemeenschap --- Európai Gazdasági Közösség --- EHS --- Kurapʻa Kyŏngje Kongdongchʻe --- Kurapʻa Kongdong Sijang --- EEG --- Evropeĭska ikonomicheska obshtnost --- Evropské hospodářské spolecenstvi --- Comunidade Económica Europeia --- EWG --- Europæiske økonomiske fællesskab --- EØF --- Koinē Agora --- EOK --- MCE --- Mercado Común Europeo --- Europeiske økonomiske fellesskap --- Evropeĭskoe ėkonomicheskoe soobshchestvo --- MEC --- Evropska ekonomska zaednica --- EZZ --- Common Market --- Marché commun --- EĖS --- Avrupa Ekonomik Topluluğu --- AET --- Müşterek Pazar --- Ortak Pazar --- Sūq al-Ūrūbbīyah al-Mushtarakah --- Mercado Comum --- Europaikē Oikonomikē Koinotēta --- Evropska gospodarska skupnost --- Mercato comune --- EEZ --- Evropska ekonomska zajednica --- Euroopan Yhteisö --- EY --- EIO --- Shuḳ ha-Eropi ha-meʼuḥad --- Suq Komuni --- Eurōpaïkē Koinotēta --- Comunidade Européia --- Mercado Comum Europeau --- Unia Europejska --- Koinotēta --- E.G. --- קהילה האירופית --- קהילייה האירופאית --- שוק הארופאי המשותף --- Evropeisku Félagsmarknaðin --- EF --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- Europäische Integration --- HISTORY / General. --- Europäische Einheit --- Europäische Einigung --- Europäische Zusammenschlüsse --- Europapolitik --- Einigung von Europa --- Europa-Integration --- Einheit von Europa --- Vereinigung von Europa --- Westeuropäische Integration --- Europagedanke --- Integration --- Europabewegung --- Europa --- Westeuropa --- Europäische Einheit --- Europäische Einigung --- Europäische Zusammenschlüsse --- Westeuropäische Integration --- CEE (European Economic Community) --- C.E.E. (European Economic Community) --- EEC (European Economic Community)
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"The Trillion Dollar War is the culmination of an Afghan's personal life story weaved into academic understanding and coupled with professional experience in the field of development. It is written for Afghans, Afghan policymakers, and those in the West and broader international community who truly wish to see Afghanistan progress after more than 20 years of war. This title offers a perspective on how the United States and Afghanistan got where they are and proposes ways to find the economic growth that has until now remained elusive"--
Afghan War, 2001 --- -Corruption --- Waste in government spending --- Nation-building --- Economic assistance, American --- Economic development --- Marshall Plan. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Corrupt practices --- Ethics --- Stabilization and reconstruction (International relations) --- State-building --- Political development --- -Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001 --- -War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 --- European Recovery Program --- ERP (European Recovery Program) --- Marshall Plan, 1948-1952 --- Schedio Marsal --- Afghan War, 2001-2021. --- Corruption --- Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001 --- -Marshall Plan. --- Since 2001 --- Afghanistan. --- United States. --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi͡avks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- É.-U. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- ÉU --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si͡evero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si͡evernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi͡ednani Derz͡havy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi͡a Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz͡havy --- ZSA --- A-fu-han --- Afeganistão --- Affganistan --- Affghanistan --- Afganistan --- Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat --- Afganistėn --- Afganistėn Myslimėn Respublik --- Afghānistān Islāmī Imārat --- Afghánská islámská republika --- Afghanstan --- Afghanstan Islam Respublikaḣy --- Afhanistan --- Ăfqanıstan --- Ăfqanıstan İslam Respublikası --- Afuganisutan --- Ahyganit --- Apganistan --- Aphganistan --- Da Afġānistān Islāmī Jumhoryat --- Democratic Republic of Afghanistan --- DRA --- Efẍanistan --- Gweriniaeth Islamaidd Affganistan --- Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan --- Islamic Republic of Afghanistan --- Islamic State of Afghanistan --- Islamikong Republika kan Apganistan --- Islamitiese Republiek van Afghanistan --- Islamska republika Afganistan --- Islamskai͡a Rėspublika Afhanistan --- Isli͡amska republika Afganistan --- Jamhuri-ye Islami-ye Afghanistan --- Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Afġānestān --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Afghānistān --- Republic of Afghanistan --- República Democrática de Afganistán --- Republik Islamek Afghanistan --- Tetã Islãrehegua Ahyganit
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